Free-electron–light interactions in nanophotonics
نویسندگان
چکیده
When impinging on optical structures or passing in their vicinity, free electrons can spontaneously emit electromagnetic radiation, a phenomenon generally known as cathodoluminescence. Free-electron radiation comes many guises: Cherenkov, transition, and Smith–Purcell but also electron scintillation, commonly referred to incoherent While those effects have been at the heart of fundamental discoveries technological developments high-energy physics past century, recent demonstration photonic nanophotonic systems has attracted great deal attention. Those arose from predictions that exploit nanophotonics for novel regimes, now becoming accessible thanks advances nanofabrication. In general, proper design enable shaping, control, enhancement free-electron any above-mentioned effects. opens way promising applications, such widely tunable integrated light sources x-ray THz frequencies, miniaturized particle accelerators, highly sensitive detectors. Here, we review emerging field nanophotonics. We first present unified framework describe light–matter interaction arbitrary systems. then show how this sheds physical underpinnings methods used control enhance radiation. Namely, points central role played by eigenmodes controlling output properties (e.g., frequency, directionality, polarization). experimental techniques characterize scanning transmission microscopes, which emerged platforms realization phenomena described review. further discuss various extract spectral, angular, polarization-resolved information conclude outlining directions field, including ultrafast quantum short-wavelength emitters ultraviolet soft topological states crystals.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Applied physics reviews
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['1931-9401']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0118096